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printUNION HOSPITAL CLINTON IMAGING SERVICES



X-rays are a form of radiant energy, like light or radio waves. Unlike light, x-rays can penetrate the body, which allows a radiologist to produce pictures of internal structures. The scientific unit of measurement for radiation dose, commonly referred to as effective dose, is the millisievert (mSv). Other radiation dose measurement units include rad, rem, roentgen, and sievert. We are exposed to radiation from natural sources all the time. The average person in the U.S. receives an effective dose of about 3 mSv per year from naturally occurring radioactive materials and cosmic radiation from outer space. These natural "background" doses vary throughout the country.

Following are comparisons of effective radiation dose with background radiation exposure for several radiological procedures described within this Web site:

For this procedure:
Your effective radiation
dose is:
Comparable to natural background radiation for:

Abdominal region:
Computed Tomography
(CT)-Abdomen
10 mSv
3 years
Computed Tomography
(CT)-Body
10 mSv
3 years
 
Intravenous Pyelogram
(IVP)
1.6 mSv
6 months
Radiography-Lower GI Tract
4 mSv
16 months
Radiography-Upper GI Tract
2 mSv
8 months

Central Nervous system:
Computed Tomography
(CT)-Head
2 mSv
8 months
Computed Tomography
(CT)-Spine
10 mSv
3 years

Chest:
Computed Tomography
(CT)-Chest
8 mSv
3 years
Radiography-Chest
0.1 mSv
10 days
Children's imaging:
Voiding Cystourethrogram
5-10 yr. old: 1.6 mSv
6 months
Infant: 0.8 mSv
3 months

Face and neck:
Computed Tomography
(CT)-Sinuses
0.6 mSv
2 months

Heart:
 
Men's Imaging:
 
 
Bone Densitometry (DEXA)
0.01 mSv
1 day
 
 
Mammography
0.7 mSv
3 months

While the vast majority of medical x-rays do not pose a critical risk to a developing child, there may be a small likelihood of causing a serious illness or other complication. The actual risk depends on how far along the pregnancy is and on the type of x-ray. Ultrasound studies, for example, don't use x-rays and have never demonstrated any potential for risk to a pregnancy. X-ray studies of the head, arms, legs and chest do not usually expose the baby directly to x-rays and typically the technologist who takes the x-rays will implement special precautions to ensure that the baby of a pregnant patient is not directly exposed.